The aging of the Portuguese population" é uma realidade incontornável. Com mais de 2,5 milhões de pessoas com 65 ou mais anos, Portugal é um dos países mais envelhecidos da União Europeia. A média de idade da população aumentou de 38 para 47 anos nas últimas duas décadas, e o número de centenários ultrapassou os 3.000. Este demographic scenario demands serious consideration of how the architecture can and should adapt to promote active aging and the social inclusion, ensuring accessibility, safety, and well-being for all.
The role of architecture in active aging
Active ageing refers to the optimisation of opportunities for health, participation, and security to improve the quality of life as people grow older. Adapted architecture is fundamental to achieving this goal, as it directly influences the mobility, autonomy, and social integration of older adults.
In Portugal, the legislation already recognises the importance of accessibility. Decree-Law No. 163/2006 It establishes the technical standards for accessibility in buildings and establishments open to the public, public roads, and residential buildings.
"Principles of inclusive and universal design"
The inclusive design It aims to create environments that can be used by all people, regardless of age or ability. Some fundamental principles include:
- Accessible access: gentle ramps, wide corridors, and the absence of steps facilitate mobility.
- Adequate lighting: uniform, glare-free lighting is essential to prevent accidents.
- Slip-resistant flooring: they reduce the risk of falls, especially in wet areas such as bathrooms and kitchens.
- Ergonomic furniture: chairs with armrests and adjustable beds enhance comfort and autonomy.
- Assistive technology: integration of smart systems that assist with daily tasks, such as motion sensors and voice commands.
Accessibility in the home environment: the house as a space of autonomy
In a country where the majority of older adults prefer to age at home, a concept known as aging in place, accessibility in homes becomes even more important. Houses, often designed for young families without physical limitations, become traps for people with reduced mobility, impaired vision, or cognitive limitations.
The adaptation of the home should start with entrances, with gentle ramps and wide doors, allowing the passage of wheelchairs or walkers. In the interior, it is essential to eliminate obstacles such as loose rugs, steps, and poorly placed furniture. Hallways and rooms should have a minimum width sufficient to facilitate circulation and allow manoeuvring with mobility aids.
The bathroom it is one of the highest-risk areas. The installation of grab bars, bath seats, level-access shower bases, and lever faucets are effective measures to prevent falls. kitchen it should also be adapted, with countertops at accessible heights, cabinets with ergonomic handles, and appliances that are easy to operate.
These adaptations promote the independence, the comfort and the security, allowing older adults to maintain control over their daily lives within the space that belongs to them the most: their home."
Read also: Regional houses and happiness: how architecture and psychology are connected
Challenges and opportunities in architecture for the elderly in Portugal
Beyond the home environment, it is important to consider public spaces.
Despite the progress, many buildings and public spaces in Portugal are still not adequately adapted for the elderly population. renovation of historic buildings and raising awareness among architecture professionals are essential steps to promote more inclusive environments.
Collaboration between architects, urban planners, authorities, and the community is essential to develop solutions that meet everyone's needs. Investing in training and public policies that encourage accessibility can transform the challenges of an aging population into opportunities to create a fairer and more inclusive Portugal.
A CURO for everyone
The ageing of the Portuguese population is an unavoidable reality that demands concrete and effective responses. Adapted architecture and inclusive design are ways to promote active ageing, ensuring that everyone, regardless of age or ability, can live with dignity, safety, and autonomy.
By rethinking the spaces we inhabit, we are building not just buildings, but a more compassionate society prepared for the future.
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